"[Putin's People] will surely now become the definitive account of the rise of Putin and Putinism . . . [Belton] adds enough new details to establish beyond doubt that the future Russian president was working alongside the people who set up the secret bank accounts and held the meetings with subversives and terrorists. More important, she establishes how, years later, these kinds of projects came to benefit him and shape his worldview.'" ¡ªAnne Applebaum, The Atlantic
"A landmark work of investigative journalism . . . The stark implication of Putin¡¯s People is . . . that England itself has been a silent and handsomely compensated partner in Putin¡¯s kleptocratic designs . . . Belton name[s] names." ¡ªPatrick Radden Keefe, The New Yorker
"The cast of supporting characters in Catherine Belton¡¯s study of the Russia of Vladimir Putin is extraordinary and worthy of a Netflix mini-series . . . This is modern Russia in full, horrifying technicolour. In Putin¡¯s People, Belton, a former FT Moscow correspondent, leaves no stone unturned in her exposition of how the Russian president and his ¡°people¡± dominate the largest country on Earth and how they have come to do so." ¡ªPeter Frankopan, Financial Times
"The dauntless Belton . . . [talked] to figures with disparate interests on all sides, tracking down documents, following the money. The result is a meticulously assembled portrait of Putin¡¯s circle, and of the emergence of what she calls 'K.G.B. capitalism'¡ªa form of ruthless wealth accumulation designed to serve the interests of a Russian state that she calls 'relentless in its reach.'" ¡ªJennifer Szalai, The New York Times Book Review
"In her deeply researched new book, Catherine Belton tells a dark tale of Vladimir Putin¡¯s rise to power and his 20 years as leader of Russia . . . Belton, a former Moscow correspondent for the Financial Times, digs deeper. Hers is a story about Putin, his KGB colleagues, businessmen and mobsters pieced together through interviews with many relevant players." ¡ªAnders Aslund, The Washington Post
"A staggering achievement of reporting . . . The level of depth [Belton] reaches, and the analysis of the details which are, by design, entirely opaque transactions and financial arrangements, is simply incredible. Belton follows the money." ¡ªJoshua Huminski, Diplomatic Courier
¡°Through meticulous research into financial networks, Belton investigates Vladimir Putin¡¯s political ascent via the KGB ties at the center of her story. She captures the texture of Putin¡¯s government: its approach to power, its ambition, its cynicism, its desire to reverse the defeats of 1989 and 1991 and then to translate KGB formulas into a new international affairs paradigm." ¡ªMichael Kimmage and Matthew Rojansky, The New Republic
"A fearless, fascinating account of the emergence of the Putin regime . . . [Belton] has an unrivalled command of the labyrinthine history of share schemes, refinancing packages, mergers, shell companies, and offshore accounts ...that lay bare the stealthy capture of the post-Soviet economy and state institutions by a coterie of former KGB officers . . . The result reads at times like a John le Carre novel." ¡ªDaniel Beer, The Guardian
¡°The plot sounds like a geopolitical thriller. Amid an empire¡¯s collapse, the secret police funnel money out of the country, creating a slush fund to rebuild their old networks. They regain power, become spectacularly rich and turn on their enemies, first at home¡ªand then abroad.¡± ¡ªEdward Lucas, The Times (London)
"Relentless and convincing . . . This is the most remarkable account so far of Putin's rise . . . Belton offers the most detailed and compelling version [of this story] yet, based on dozens of interviews with oligarchs and Kremlin insiders, as well as former KGB operatives and Swiss and Russian bankers . . . Gobsmacking . . . A superb book." ¡ªLuke Harding, The Guardian
"Relentless and magnificently detailed . . . Putin¡¯s People is a serious, absolutely timely warning. No book has documented the Russian president¡¯s leadership so indefatigably and compellingly. If you want to grasp in full how Russia has become the nation it has in the last 20 years, this is the book you¡¯ve been waiting for." ¡ªJulian Evans, The Telegraph
"The single best book to explain the present-day Kremlin . . . Putin's People is must reading for anyone trying to understand Putin and the challenge of dealing with modern Russia." ¡ªJohn Sipher, The Cipher Brief
"Catherine Belton, a talented reporter and fluid writer, offers a detail-rich narrative of Putin¡¯s dictatorship and gangland beneficiaries . . . Belton¡¯s sleuthing . . . imparts fresh colour to Putin¡¯s ascent, just as her digging into Putin¡¯s days as a KGB operative in East Germany turns up a fuller account of that formative period . . . Belton populates her engaging panoply of shell companies and fatal defenestrations with captivating characters . . . Indefatigably exposes a criminal regime spilling over its borders." ¡ªStephen Kotkin, Times Literary Supplement
"How [Putin's fellow] ¡°operatives¡± got into power and what they did with it is the subject of this long-awaited, must-read book by Catherine Belton, a former Moscow reporter for the Financial Times who spent years investigating the most sensitive subject in Russia ¡ª the business dealings of Putin and his circle of cronies (or siloviki). By following the money and diving deep into the squalor, she has pieced together a disturbing picture of a criminalised regime whose methods are more like the mafia than a state." ¡ªArkady Ostrovsky, The Sunday Times
"As Catherine Belton's powerful and meticulously reported new book shows, the apparent anarchy of the post-Soviet world has instead given way to a massive concentration of wealth and power, which is used by the new Russian elite to quash dissent at home and project force abroad . . . A narrative tour de force." ¡ªThe Economist
"[Catherine Belton's] book is fast-paced, thoroughly researched and packed with new¡ªor at least not widely known¡ªfacts . . . This is the best kind of journalist's book, written with an eye for a well-turned story and compelling characters, and steering mercifully clear of academic theorising. And what tales Belton has to tell." ¡ªOwen Matthews, Spectator
"A book that western experts on modern Russia acknowledge as vital to our understanding of the Putin phenomenon . . . Belton draws on published sources and deep-throat contacts to plot a course through the maze of crooked financial manoeuvres¡ªthe sleights of hand, the back-room deals, the ¡®loans¡¯ from state banks, the kick-backs on contracts¡ªthat Putin and his courtiers got up to as they systematically drew the wealth to themselves as inexorably as iron filings to a magnet." ¡ªTony Rennell, The Daily Mail
"Insightful . . . it is the details unearthed by [Belton's] interviews with an extensive collection of insiders that make her arguments so convincing and the book such a gripping read." ¡ªLynn Berry, Russia Matters
"Drawing on extensive interviews with Kremlin insiders and dispossessed oligarchs such as Sergei Pugachev and Mikhail Khodorkovsky, Belton paints a richly detailed portrait of the Putin regime¡¯s tangled conspiracies and thefts . . . A lucid, page-turning account of the sinister mix of authoritarian state power and gangster lawlessness that rules Russia." ¡ªPublishers Weekly
"Catherine Belton is quite simply the most detailed and best-informed journalist covering Russia. One hears so much grand punditry about the country, but if you want to know the terrifying facts, from the nexus of KGB, business, and crime which was Putin's petri dish to the complex reality of the relationship with Trump¡ªand if you want to see how all this combines into a whole new system¡ªthen this is the book for you." ¡ªPeter Pomerantsev, author of This Is Not Propaganda and Nothing Is True and Everything Is Possible
"Putin's People is meticulously researched and superbly written, terrifying in its scope and utterly convincing in its argument. It is a portrait of a group of men ruthless in their power and careless of anyone else. This is the Putin book that we've been waiting for." ¡ªOliver Bullough, author of Moneyland and The Last Man in Russia
¡°Putin¡¯s People is a ground-breaking investigative history of the rise of Vladimir Putin and a revealing examination of how power and money intersect in today¡¯s Russia. Catherine Belton has pulled away the curtain on two decades of hidden financial networks and lucrative secret deals, exposing the inner workings of Putin & Co. in remarkable and disturbing detail. A real eye-opener.¡± ¡ªDavid E. Hoffman, author of The Oligarchs: Wealth and Power in the New Russia
¡°Catherine Belton deftly tackles one of Russia¡¯s biggest mysteries¡ªhow did an undistinguished, mid-level former intelligence operative like Vladimir Putin catapult himself to such lofty heights? Her deeply researched account digs into unexplored aspects of Putin¡¯s rise to power as well as the experiences of longtime Putin friends and allies who have harvested most of the benefits from his 20 year reign.¡± ¡ªAndrew S. Weiss, James Family Chair and vice president for studies at the Carnegie Endowment
Chapter Page
List of Illustrations ix
Dramatis Personae xi
Prologue 1
Part 1
1. 'Operation Luch' 19
2. Inside lob 50
3. 'The Tip of an Iceberg' 84
4. Operation Successor; 'It Was Already After Midnight' 115
5. 'Children's Toys in Pools of Mud' 152
Part 2
6. 'The Inner Circle Made Him' 179
7. 'Operation Energy' 211
8. Out of Terror, an Imperial Awakening 241
9. 'Appetite Comes During Eating' 274
Part 3
10. Obschak 309
11. Londongrad 344
12. The Battle Begins 366
13. Black Cash 396
14. Soft Power in an Iron Fist: 'I Call Them the Orthodox Taliban' 419
15. The Network and Donald Trump 448
Epilogue 489
Acknowledgements 501
Notes 505
Index 597