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Essential Physics of Medical Imaging 
Bushberg, Jerrold T./ Seibert, J. Anthony, Phd/ Le ¤Ó Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
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9780683301182/0683301187
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  • Prefacep. xv
    Acknowledgmentsp. xvii
    Forewordp. xix
    Basic Conceptsp. 1
    Introduction to Medical Imagingp. 3
    The Modalitiesp. 4
    Image Propertiesp. 13
    Radiation and the Atomp. 17
    Radiationp. 17
    Structure of the Atomp. 21
    Interaction of Radiation with Matterp. 31
    Particle Interactionsp. 31
    X- and Gamma Ray Interactionsp. 37
    Attenuation of X- and Gamma Raysp. 45
    Absorption of Energy from X- and Gamma Raysp. 52
    Imparted Energy, Equivalent Dose, and Effective Dosep. 56
    Computers in Medical Imagingp. 61
    Storage and Transfer of Data in Computers...p. 61
    Analog Data and Conversion between Analog and Digital Formsp. 66
    Components and Operation of Computersp. 70
    Performance of Computer Systemsp. 78
    Computer Softwarep. 79
    Storage, Processing, and Display of Digital Imagesp. 82
    Diagnostic Radiologyp. 95
    X-ray Production, X-ray Tubes, and Generatorsp. 97
    Production of X-raysp. 97
    X-ray Tubesp. 102
    X-ray Tube Insert, Tube Housing, Filtration, and Collimationp. 113
    X-ray Generator Function and Componentsp. 116
    X-ray Generator Circuit Designsp. 124
    Timing the X-ray Exposure in Radiographyp. 132
    Factors Affecting X-ray Emissionp. 135
    Power Ratings and Heat Loadingp. 137
    X-ray Exposure Rating Chartsp. 140
    Screen-Film Radiographyp. 145
    Projection Radiographyp. 145
    Basic Geometric Principlesp. 146
    The Screen-Film Cassettep. 148
    Characteristics of Screensp. 149
    Characteristics of Filmp. 157
    The Screen-Film Systemp. 163
    Contrast and Dose in Radiographyp. 164
    Scattered Radiation in Projection Radiographyp. 166
    Film Processingp. 175
    Film Exposurep. 175
    The Film Processorp. 178
    Processor Artifactsp. 181
    Other Considerationsp. 183
    Laser Camerasp. 184
    Dry Processingp. 184
    Processor Quality Assurancep. 186
    Mammographyp. 191
    X-ray Tube Designp. 194
    X-ray Generator and Phototimer Systemp. 204
    Compression, Scattered Radiation, and Magnificationp. 207
    Screen-Film Cassettes and Film Processingp. 212
    Ancillary Proceduresp. 219
    Radiation Dosimetryp. 222
    Regulatory Requirementsp. 224
    Fluoroscopyp. 231
    Functionalityp. 231
    Fluoroscopic Imaging Chain Componentsp. 232
    Peripheral Equipmentp. 242
    Fluoroscopy Modes of Operationp. 244
    Automatic Brightness Control (ABC)p. 246
    Image Qualityp. 248
    Fluoroscopy Suitesp. 249
    Radiation Dosep. 251
    Image Qualityp. 255
    Contrastp. 255
    Spatial Resolutionp. 263
    Noisep. 273
    Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE)p. 283
    Sampling and Aliasing in Digital Imagesp. 283
    Contrast-Detail Curvesp. 287
    Receiver Operating Characteristics Curvesp. 288
    Digital Radiographyp. 293
    Computed Radiographyp. 293
    Charged-Coupled Devices (CCDs)p. 297
    Flat Panel Detectorsp. 300
    Digital Mammographyp. 304
    Digital versus Analog Processesp. 307
    Implementationp. 307
    Patient Dose Considerationsp. 308
    Hard Copy versus Soft Copy Displayp. 308
    Digital Image Processingp. 309
    Contrast versus Spatial Resolution in Digital Imagingp. 315
    Adjuncts to Radiologyp. 317
    Geometric Tomographyp. 317
    Digital Tomosynthesisp. 320
    Temporal Subtractionp. 321
    Dual-Energy Subtractionp. 323
    Computed Tomographyp. 327
    Basic Principlesp. 327
    Geometry and Historical Developmentp. 331
    Detectors and Detector Arraysp. 339
    Details of Acquisitionp. 342
    Tomographic Reconstructionp. 346
    Digital Image Displayp. 358
    Radiation Dosep. 362
    Image Qualityp. 367
    Artifactsp. 369
    Nuclear Magnetic Resonancep. 373
    Magnetization Propertiesp. 373
    Generation and Detection of the Magnetic Resonance Signalp. 381
    Pulse Sequencesp. 391
    Spin Echop. 391
    Inversion Recoveryp. 399
    Gradient Recalled Echop. 403
    Signal from Flowp. 408
    Perfusion and Diffusion Contrastp. 409
    Magnetization Transfer Contrastp. 411
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)p. 415
    Localization of the MR Signalp. 415
    k-space Data Acquisition and Image Reconstructionp. 426
    Three-Dimensional Fourier Transform Image Acquisitionp. 438
    Image Characteristicsp. 439
    Angiography and Magnetization Transfer Contrastp. 442
    Artifactsp. 447
    Instrumentationp. 458
    Safety and Bioeffectsp. 465
    Ultrasoundp. 469
    Characteristics of Soundp. 470
    Interactions of Ultrasound with Matterp. 476
    Transducersp. 483
    Beam Propertiesp. 490
    Image Data Acquisitionp. 501
    Two-Dimensional Image Display and Storagep. 510
    Miscellaneous Issuesp. 516
    Image Quality and Artifactsp. 524
    Doppler Ultrasoundp. 531
    System Performance and Quality Assurancep. 544
    Acoustic Power and Bioeffectsp. 548
    Computer Networks, PACS, and Teleradiologyp. 555
    Computer Networksp. 555
    PACS and Teleradiologyp. 565
    Nuclear Medicinep. 587
    Radioactivity and Nuclear Transformationp. 589
    Radionuclide Decay Terms and Relationshipsp. 589
    Nuclear Transformationp. 593
    Radionuclide Production and Radiopharmaceuticalsp. 603
    Radionuclide Productionp. 603
    Radiopharmaceuticalsp. 617
    Regulatory Issuesp. 624
    Radiation Detection and Measurementp. 627
    Types of Detectorsp. 627
    Gas-Filled Detectorsp. 632
    Scintillation Detectorsp. 636
    Semiconductor Detectorsp. 641
    Pulse Height Spectroscopyp. 644
    Non-Imaging Detector Applicationsp. 654
    Counting Statisticsp. 661
    Nuclear Imaging--The Scintillation Camerap. 669
    Planar Nuclear Imaging: The Anger Scintillation Camerap. 670
    Computers in Nuclear Imagingp. 695
    Nuclear Imaging--Emission Tomographyp. 703
    Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)p. 704
    Positron Emission Tomography (PET)p. 719
    Radiation Protection, Dosimetry, and Biologyp. 737
    Radiation Protectionp. 739
    Sources of Exposure to Ionizing Radiationp. 739
    Personnel Dosimetryp. 747
    Radiation Detection Equipment in Radiation Safetyp. 753
    Radiation Protection and Exposure Controlp. 755
    Regulatory Agencies and Radiation Exposure Limitsp. 788
    Radiation Dosimetry of the Patientp. 795
    X-ray Dosimetryp. 800
    Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry: The MIRD Methodp. 805
    Radiation Biologyp. 813
    Interaction of Radiation with Tissuep. 814
    Cellular Radiobiologyp. 818
    Response of Organ Systems to Radiationp. 827
    Acute Radiation Syndromep. 831
    Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesisp. 838
    Hereditary Effects of Radiation Exposurep. 851
    Radiation Effects In Uterop. 853
    Appendicesp. 863
    Fundamental Principles of Physicsp. 865
    Physical Laws, Quantities, and Unitsp. 865
    Classical Physicsp. 867
    Electricity and Magnetismp. 868
    Physical Constants, Prefixes, Geometry, Conversion Factors, and Radiologic Datap. 883
    Physical Constants, Prefixes, and Geometryp. 883
    Conversion Factorsp. 884
    Radiological Data for Elements 1 through 100p. 885
    Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Spectra Data Tablesp. 887
    Mass Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Elementsp. 887
    Mass Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Compoundsp. 889
    Mass Energy Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Detector Compoundsp. 890
    Mammography Spectra: Mo/Mop. 891
    Mammography Spectra: Mo/Rhp. 893
    Mammography Spectra: Rh/Rhp. 895
    General Diagnostic Spectra: W/Alp. 897
    Radiopharmaceutical Characteristics and Dosimetryp. 899
    Route of administration, localization, clinical utility, and other characteristics of commonly used radiopharmaceuticalsp. 900
    Typical administered adult activity, highest organ dose, gonadal dose, and adult effective dose for commonly used radiopharmaceuticalsp. 908
    Effective doses per unit activity administered to patients age 15, 10, 5, and 1 year for commonly used diagnostic radiopharmaceuticalsp. 910
    Absorbed dose estimates to the embryo/fetus per unit activity administered to the mother for commonly used radiopharmaceuticalsp. 911
    Internet Resourcesp. 913
    Subject Indexp. 915
    Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.
  • Bushberg, Jerrold T./ Seibert, J. Anthony, Phd/ Le [Àú]
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