"I wish I could send this book to every seminary, rectory and parsonage in the country."
-- The Record
The Wounded Healer is Nouwen at his best .... the ideas it implants linger long after the book is read, and re-read. -- Best Sellers
"One of the world's greatest spiritual writers." --Christianity Today
Introduction: The Four Open Doors
Ch. I Ministry in a Dislocated World: The Search of Nuclear Man 1
Ch. II Ministry for a Rootless Generation: Looking into the Fugitive's Eyes 23
Ch. III Ministry to a Hopeless Man: Waiting for Tomorrow 49
Ch. IV Ministry by a Lonely Minister: The Wounded Healer 79
Conclusion: A Forward Thrust 97
Chapter I
Ministry in a Dislocated World
The Human Search
Introduction
From time to time someone enters your life whose appearance, behavior, and words intimate in a dramatic way the contemporary human condition. Peter was one such person for me. He came to ask for help, but at the same time he offered a new understanding of my own world! This is his portrait:
Peter is twenty-six years old. His body is fragile; his face, framed in long blond hair, is thin, with a city pallor. His eyes are tender and radiate a longing melancholy. His lips are sensual, and his smile evokes an atmosphere of intimacy. When he shakes hands he breaks through the formal ritual in such a way that you feel his body as really present. When he speaks, his voice assumes tones that ask to be listened to with careful attention.
As we talk, it becomes clear that Peter feels as if the many boundaries that give structure to life are becoming increasingly vague. His life seems to be drifting. It is a life over which he has no control, a life determined by many known and unknown factors in his surroundings. The clear distinction between Peter and his milieu is gone and he feels that his ideas and feelings are not really his; rather, they are brought upon him.
Sometimes he wonders: ¡°What is fantasy and what is reality?¡± Often he has the strange feeling that small devils enter his head and create a painful and anxious confusion. He also does not know whom he can trust and who not, what he shall do and what not, why to say ¡°yes¡± to one and ¡°no¡± to another. The many distinctions between good and bad, ugly and beautiful, attractive and repulsive, are losing meaning for him. Even to the most bizarre suggestions he says: ¡°Why not? Why not try something I have never tried? Why not have a new experience, good or bad?¡±
In the absence of clear boundaries between himself and his milieu, between fantasy and reality, between what to do and what to avoid, it seems that Peter has become a prisoner of the now, caught in the present without meaningful connections with his past or future. When he goes home he feels that he enters a world that has become alien to him.
The words his parents use, their questions and concerns, their aspirations and worries, seem to belong to another world, with another language and another mood. When he looks into his future everything becomes one big blur, an impenetrable cloud. He finds no answers to questions about why he lives and where he is heading. Peter is not working hard to reach a goal, he does not look forward to the fulfillment of a great desire, nor does he expect that something great or important is going to happen. He looks into empty space and is sure of only one thing: If there is anything worthwhile in life, it must be here and now.
I did not paint this portrait of Peter to show you a picture of someone in need of psychiatric help. No, I think Peter¡¯s situation is in many ways typical of the condition of modern men and women. Perhaps Peter ne...eds help, but his experiences and feelings cannot be understood merely in terms of individual psychopathology. They are part of the historical context in which we all live, a context that makes it possible to see in Peter¡¯s life the signs of the times, which we too recognize in our life experiences. What we see in Peter is a painful expression of the situation of what I call ¡°humanity in the modern age.¡±
In this chapter I would like to arrive at a deeper understanding of our human predicament as it becomes visible through the many men and women who experience life as Peter does. And I hope to discover in the midst of our present ferment new ways to liberation and freedom.
I will therefore divide this chapter into two parts: The Predicament of Humanity in the Modern Age, and Humanity¡¯s Way to Liberation in the Modern Age.
I. The Predicament of Humanity in the modern Age
People have lost naive faith in the possibilities of technology and are painfully aware that the same powers that enable us to create new life styles also carry the potential for self-destruction.
Let me tell you a tale of ancient India that might help us to illustrate the situation of humanity in the modern age:
Four royal sons were questioning what specialty they should master. They said to one another, ¡°Let us search the earth and learn a special science.¡± So they decided, and after they had agreed on a place where they would meet again, the four brothers started off, each in a different direction. Time went by, and the brothers met again at the appointed meeting place, and they asked one another what they had learned. ¡°I have mastered a science,¡± said the first, ¡°which makes it possible for me, if I have nothing but a piece of bone of some creature, to create straight away the flesh that goes with it.¡± ¡°I,¡± said the second, ¡°know how to grow that creature¡¯s skin and hair if there is flesh on its bones.¡± The third said, ¡°I am able to create its limbs if I have the flesh, the skin, and the hair.¡± ¡°And I,¡± concluded the fourth, ¡°know how to give life to that creature if its form is complete with limbs.¡±
Thereupon the four brothers went into the jungle to find a piece of bone so that they could demonstrate their specialties. As fate would have it, the bone they found was a lion¡¯s, but they did not know that and picked up the bone. One added flesh to the bone, the second grew hide and hair, the third completed it with matching limbs, and the fourth gave the lion life. Shaking its heavy mane, the ferocious beast arose with its menacing mouth, sharp teeth, and merciless claws and jumped on his creators. He killed them all and vanished contentedly into the jungle.
Contemporary people realize that our creative powers hold the potential for self-destruction. We understand that vast new industrial complexes enable us to produce in one hour that which we labored over for years in the past, but we also realize that these same industries have disturbed the ecological balance and, through air, water, and noise pollution, have contaminated our planet.
We drive cars and watch TV, but few of us understand the workings of the instruments we use. Most of us see such an abundance of material commodities around us that scarcity no longer motivates our lives, but at the same time we are groping for direction and asking for meaning and purpose. In all this we suffer from the inevitable knowledge that our time is one in which it has become possible for us to destroy, not only life but also the possibility of re-birth, not only an individual but also the human race, not only periods of existence but also history itself. The future of humanity has now become an option.
Those who lived in a pre-modern age might be aware of the real paradox of a world in which life and death touch each other in a morbid way and in which we find ourselves on a thin rope that can break so easily, but they have adapted this knowledge to their previous optimistic outlook on life. For those who were born in the modern age, however, this new knowledge cannot be adapted to old insights, nor be channeled by traditional institutions; rather it radically and definitely disrupts all existing frames of human reference. For such people, the problem is not that the future holds a new danger, such as a nuclear war, but that there might be no future at all.
Young people are not necessarily modern, and old people are not necessarily pre-modern. The difference is not in age but in consciousness and the related lifestyle. The psycho-historian Robert Jay Lifton has given us some excellent concepts to determine the nature of the quandaries of those who live in today¡¯s world. In Lifton¡¯s terms, modern people can by characterized by (1) a historical dislocation, (2) a fragmented ideology, and (3) a search for new immortality. It might be useful to examine Peter¡¯s life in the light of these concepts.
1. Historical dislocation
When Peter¡¯s father asks him when will he take his final exam, and wh