THIS BOOK ¡ºVALUES, CONFLICTS, ORGANIZATIONS, PUBLIC POLICIES, HOLISM AND COMPREHENSIVENESS¡» IS BEST FOR THE FACULTY AND STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITIES AS WELL AS GOVERNMENT AND BUSINESS LEADERS IN QUALITATIVE INTERPRETIVE INQUIRY CASE STUDIES AND RESEARCHES SEARCHING FOR A COMPREHENSIVE U.S. NATIONAL INFORMATION (INFORMATION COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY) POLICY IN THE 1970s, 1980s, AND 1990s PREPARING FOR THE FUTURE.
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This book is very important for the democracy and wealth of nations, regardless of whether we are in the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, or Xth industrial revolution society or not.
This book is best for the faculty and students of universities as well as government and business leaders in qualitative interpretive inquiry case studies and researches searching for a comprehensive U.S. National information (information communications technology) policy in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s preparing for the future.
¡Ø Related Disciplines : public administration, public policy, law, business administration, political science, sociology, information communications technology(ICT), philosophy, economics, human services, psychology, and other disciplines
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Preface /5
Acknowledgments /7
CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION /15
1. Purposes of the Book /17
2. Importance of the Book /32
(1) Significance of a Comprehensive National Information Policy /32
(2) Lack of the Study of a Comprehensive National Information Policy /35
3. Scope and Methodology /37
4. Structure of the Book /43
CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE REVIEW /45
1. The Importance of Holism in and Comprehensiveness of National Information Policy /47
(1) Importance of the Philosophy of Holism in National Information Policy /48
(2) Importance of the Comprehensiveness of National Information Policy /52
2. Value Conflicts in National Information Policy /60
(1) Values and Value-Drivers in National Information Policy /60
(2) Value Conflicts in the National Information Policy-Making Process /66
CHAPTER 3. METHOD /85
1. Data Collection /87
2. Data Analysis /90
CHAPTER 4. THE COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY MODEL /109
1. The Development of U.S. National Information Policy /111
(1) Goals... of National Information Policy /112
(2) The Evolution of National Information Policy through Periodical Stages /114
¤ý National Information Policy prior to the 1970s. /115
¤ý National Information Policy in the 1970s. /119
¤ý National Information Policy in the 1980s. /125
¤ý An Advanced National Information Policy in the 1990s. /134
(3) Critics of National Information Policy /143
2. The Model for a Comprehensive National Information Policy /146
CHAPTER 5. APPLICATION OF THE COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY MODEL TO NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY AT THE GENERAL LEVEL : NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY UNDER INFORMATION POLICY ISSUES, POLICIES, AND ENVIRONMENTS /165
1. National Information Policy Environments and Issues /167
(1) International Environment and National Information Policy Issues /172
(2) Economic Environment and National Information Policy Issues /174
(3) Social and Cultural Environment and National Information Policy Issues /177
(4) Legal Environment and National Information Policy Issues /179
(5) Administrative Environment and National Information Policy Issues /181
(6) Political Environment and National Information Policy Issues /183
(7) Technological Environment and National Information Policy Issues /185
2. Information Policies and Strategies: Legislation and Regulations to Resolve National Information Policy Issues /189
(1) Legislation to Resolve National Information Policy Issues /192
(2) Regulations to Resolve National Information Policy Issues /193
3. Implementation and Evaluation of National Information Policy /206
(1) The Carter Administration /209
(2) The Reagan and Bush Administrations /211
(3) The Clinton Administration /214
4. Feedback /217
5. Conclusions and Strategies /221
(1) Dynamic Relationships between Information Policy Issues, Policies, and Environments /221
(2) Strategies for Information Policy Issues /226
¤ý Strategies for the International Issues. /227
¤ý Strategies for the Economic Issues. /230
¤ý Strategies for the Social and Cultural Issues. /232
¤ý Strategies for the Legal Issues. /236
¤ý Strategies for the Administrative Issues. /239
¤ý Strategies for the Political Issues. /243
¤ý Strategies for the Technological Issues. /245
CHAPTER 6. APPLICATION OF THE COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY MODEL TO THE PAPERWORK REDUCTION ACT(PRA): A COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL INFORMATION POLICY UNDER THE PAPERWORK REDUCTION ACT /251
1. Observing and Forecasting Phenomena /253
(1) Phenomena prior to the 1970s /254
(2) Phenomena in the 1970s /256
(3) Phenomena in the 1980s /258
(4) Phenomena in the 1990s /265
2. Defining Problems or Issues /274
3. Evaluating Constraints /279
4. Identifying and Analyzing Participants /282
5. Preparing Agendas /290
6. Formulating Alternatives and Adopting the best Alternative /301
(1) Senate Alternative /302
(2) House Alternative /304
(3) Commonalities of the Bills /305
(4) Differences between the Bills /309
(5) New Alternatives: Amendments to the Reported Alternatives /312
(6) Adopting the best Alternative /316
7. Allocating Resources /331
8. Implementing and Evaluating Policy /334
9. Feedback /362
10. Conclusions and Strategies /365
CHAPTER 7. CONCLUSION: AT THE EDGE OF THE EVOLUTION OF COMPETITION AND PROTECTION /375
1. Implications /377
2. Recommendations /388
(1) To the Government /388
(2) To the Academy /395
REFERENCES (BIBLIOGRAPHY) /398
APPENDICES /423
Appendix A. Questionnaire /424
Appendix B. The Evolution of U.S. National Information Policy /426
Appendix C. Legislation to Resolve National Information Policy Issues /446
Appendix D. Regulations to Resolve National Information Policy Issues /492
Appendix E. Expected Impacts of Legislation and Regulationson Environments /512
Appendix F. Legislation and Regulations Having High Numerical Impact-Values on Environments /522
Appendix G. Participants at Congressional Hearings /526
AFTERWORD /530
INDEX /531
ABOUT THE AUTHOR (KOREAN) ÀúÀÚ¾à·Â ¹× ÁÖ¿äÀú¼ /538
PREFACE
This book is very important for the democracy and wealth of nations, regardless of whether we are in the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, or Xth industrial revolution society or not.
The major purposes of this book are to search for a comprehensive national information (information communications technology) policy for the future and to provide a philosophy for national information (information communications technology) policy in theory and practice, which would guide the national information (information communications technology) policy making well into the future. The cases and researches in this book are those of the United States national information (information communications technology) policies in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. The year, at the time of this study, is 1996. So, the ¡°present¡± or ¡°current¡± time in this study is 1996. And the major time period of the study for data collection and analysis covered from the 1970s to 1990s, that is the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. This study began with identifying the necessity of a comprehensive national information policy in the United States for preparing the future. The study was based on a holistic study perspective with multiple qualitative inquiry methods. The theoretical foundations of the study included the philosophy of holism, the theory of comprehensiveness, and value conflicts in national information policy. Data for the study were collected through such sources as legal journals, regulatory publications, public and non-public policy journals, and other governmental and non-governmental publications to analyze legislation, regulations, executive orders, and other publications related to national information policy. The data analysis of the study proceeded through qualitative interpretive approaches with descriptive and interpretive questions by utilizing theoretical foundations and models presented in the study. A comprehensive national information policy model was developed in a search for a comprehensive national information policy. The development of national information policy was used for the historical and theoretical support of the comprehensive national information policy model. The model was applied to national information policy; first at the general level, and then to an analysis of the Paperwork Reduction Act(PRA) policy-making process as a specific example. The study finds that current approaches are fragmented and incremental and that these approaches lead to an inability to resolve the major issues in information and information technology. The model is suggested as a way of overcoming this inability.
This book is best for the faculty and students of universities as well as government and business leaders in qualitative interpretive inquiry case studies and researches searching for a comprehensive U.S. National information (information communications technology) policy in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s preparing for the future.